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Due Diligence

Mongolia’s Rare Earth Strategy: balancing risks and rivalries

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Wedged between China and Russia, Mongolia is often viewed through the prism of its geography: landlocked and dependent on its neighbours for access to global trade routes. Yet, beneath its deserts and steppes lies a resource base that has the potential to redraw supply chains for critical minerals. Copper, gold and rare earth elements make [...]

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Energy, Politics and Power: Guyana’s High-Stakes Ascent

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ExxonMobil’s deepwater discoveries in Guyana’s Stabroek Block have transformed the country from a marginal player to one of the most promising oil frontiers globally. The block holds over 11 billion barrels of recoverable reserves, placing Guyana among the largest new offshore producers. Since 2022, Guyana’s GDP growth has been the fastest in the world, averaging

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Central Asia: from sanctions to strategy

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Kazakhstan is moving the fastest. Construction is under way on the new Darbaza-Maktaaral rail link to Uzbekistan (US$523 million) and a second track on the Dostyk-Moiynty section to lift China-Europe capacity five-fold by 2027. At the Caspian end, Aktau will add a 200,000 TEU container hub by 2025 for just US$42 million, while Kuryk gains

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Corridors or Chokepoints – the infrastructure bet driving Ethiopia’s future

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Although the Pretoria accord halted open warfare, Ethiopia’s political temperature has begun to rise again. Rival factions inside the Tigray People’s Liberation Front now contest the authority of the federally backed Interim Administration; analysts warn that internal splits could ignite a fresh insurgency and draw Eritrea back in. In parallel, the Fano militia in Amhara

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From Conflict Zone to Energy Hub: Mozambique’s LNG Gamble

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In northern Mozambique, lies one of the world’s richest undeveloped gas basins, just offshore in a province still scarred by jihadist violence. Since 2017, the Cabo Delgado insurgency has claimed at least 4,600 lives and uprooted about a million residents, forcing TotalEnergies to suspend work on its flagship LNG complex in 2021. Fast‑forward to July 2025: Rwandan and

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On Top of the World: Brazil’s business boom amid green horizons

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After two years of turbulence, Brazil enters mid-2025 on firmer economic footing. Real GDP expanded 3.4 percent in 2024 - its best since the pandemic - driven by household spending and a rebound in capital formation. Momentum is moderating as tighter policy grinds, yet consensus still pegs 2025 growth above two percent and expects inflation

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Turkish Tales: why investors are looking again at Turkey

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After an eighteen-month monetary overhaul, Ankara is finally putting a lid on the price spiral that peaked above 70 percent last spring. The OECD’s April survey notes that, provided interest rates remain restrictive and fiscal discipline holds, consumer inflation should sink to single digits by 2027, bringing Turkey back within striking distance of its long-forgotten

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Tensions Mount in the Middle East: countries close to conflict

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Washington’s 22 June strikes on Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan crippled centrifuge halls and auxiliary power systems, shaving, by Tehran’s own estimate, several months off its enrichment timetable and forcing emergency repairs under international scrutiny. Yet the underlying capability endures, IAEA data show Iran now holds more than 9 tons of enriched uranium, including enough 60

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Vietnam’s quiet rise amid global realignment

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Since 2007 when Vietnam joined the World Trade Organisation (WTO), this Southeast Asian nation has produced seven-fold straight growth up to 2022 in imports and exports combined. There was a drop of 6.6% in 2023 due to lower demand in exports from the US and EU, but that demand quickly recovered by 2024. That Vietnam

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The Vanishing Banknote: a world without cash

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In 2025, consumers have more ways to pay than ever before, but not all options are created equal. While credit and debit cards remain the dominant method in many developed markets, mobile apps, QR codes and Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services have surged in popularity, especially among the younger demographics. Mastercard’s 2024 report notes

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